tics activities. The European multimodal transport
company, Schenker-BTL, has created an Emission
Report that can calculate for each customer the output
of transport-related emissions based on vehicles
used, loads, and loading degrees. It calculates and
can provide online reports from its Internet website
of the emission in kilograms of carbon dioxide, nitric
acid, hydrocarbons, sulfur dioxide, and particulate
matter for each consignment. The Emission Report
covers 44 countries and 4215 locations and can calculate
at the speed of 3000 consignments per minute.
Managers can also mitigate the negative environmental
impacts of intermodal transportation logistics by
using EDI and Internet tracking of freight, global positioning
satellite systems, and other means of coordinating
and tracking cargo movements that increase
efficiency. Electronic and digital logistics management
can reduce delivery time, optimize transportation
and distribution routes, and provide greater
flexibility in the use of transportation modes, thereby
reducing environmental hazards (Krapf, 1997). Management
reviews and program adjustments should
lead to changes in policies and frameworks guiding
environmental practices by closing the loop of continuous
improvement depicted in Figure 3.