Ultimate Pit LimitThe ultimate pit limit problem (UPIT) seeks to determine the subset of blocks of the deposit where the extraction will be carried out, maximizing the undiscounted economic profit and meeting the requirements of the maximum allowed slope angle to ensure the stability of the pit walls. This problem, therefore, does not take into account the time dimension nor operational resource capacities [44].By using integer programming, the ultimate pit limit for a given realization r and scheme s can be found solving the following problem: