Oxidative pathways of alcohol metabolism. The enzymes alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), cytochrome P450 2E1
(CYP2E1), and catalase all contribute to oxidative metabolism of alcohol. ADH, present in the fluid of the cell (i.e.,
cytosol), converts alcohol (i.e., ethanol) to acetaldehyde. This reaction involves an intermediate carrier of electrons, + nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD ), which is reduced by two electrons to form NADH. Catalase, located in cell
bodies called peroxisomes, requires hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to oxidize alcohol. CYP2E1, present predominantly in
the cell’s microsomes, assumes an important role in metabolizing ethanol to acetaldehyde at elevated ethanol concen
trations. Acetaldehyde is metabolized mainly by aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) in the mitochondria to form acetate
and NADH. ROS, reactive oxygen species.
Oxidative pathways of alcohol metabolism. The enzymes alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), cytochrome P450 2E1
(CYP2E1), and catalase all contribute to oxidative metabolism of alcohol. ADH, present in the fluid of the cell (i.e.,
cytosol), converts alcohol (i.e., ethanol) to acetaldehyde. This reaction involves an intermediate carrier of electrons, + nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD ), which is reduced by two electrons to form NADH. Catalase, located in cell
bodies called peroxisomes, requires hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to oxidize alcohol. CYP2E1, present predominantly in
the cell’s microsomes, assumes an important role in metabolizing ethanol to acetaldehyde at elevated ethanol concen
trations. Acetaldehyde is metabolized mainly by aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) in the mitochondria to form acetate
and NADH. ROS, reactive oxygen species.
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