5. What is a transaction log, and what is its function?
The transaction log is a special DBMS table that contains a description of all the database transactions executed by the DBMS. The database transaction log plays a crucial role in maintaining database concurrency control and integrity.
The information stored in the log is used by the DBMS to recover the database after a transaction is aborted or after a system failure. The transaction log is usually stored in a different hard disk or in a different media (tape) to prevent the failure caused by a media error.