The implicit approach contends that by doing science, students will come to understand NOS (Lawson
1982; Rowe 1974) and advocates the use of hands-on inquiry-oriented activities and/or science process skills
instruction to enhance students’ conceptions of NOS (Khishfe and Abd-El-Khalick 2002). The ineffectiveness
of the implicit approach in enhancing students’ NOS views could be attributed to an underlying assumption:
namely, that students would automatically develop better NOS conceptions as a by-product of engagement in
science-based inquiry activities or science process skills instruction (Khishfe and Abd-El-Khalick 2002).