osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most prevalent musculoskeletal conditions affecting
the elderly population worldwide and its prevalence is predicted to
rise significantly in the future as the population ages. Knee OA currently
affects about 40% of people aged over 75 years, and hip OA affects
about 10%. People with OA frequently report joint pain, stiffness,loss of physical function, increasing immobility, and muscle weakness.
Such signs and symptoms of the disease often culminate in reductions in quality of life. Contemporary management of OA aims to alleviate pain and disability while avoiding adverse
effects of therapy. Current guidelines recommend nonpharmacologic methods, such as physical therapy, as first-line options in the management of OA. Physical therapy for OA may be provided on land or in an aquatic environment.