The consistency among the three panels regarding the relative importance of the 14 knowledge, skill, and value competencies provides evidence of the validity of these factors as important indicators of MAMP managerial competence. The initial list of competencies was generated by a panel of expert MAMP upper managers, and was cross-validated by a panel of first-level MAMP managers with firsthand, current experience in MAMP operations, and business management faculty who research the field and prepare future MAMP managers. While many of these competencies may be similar to those required by managers in any field, the specific set of competencies generated from this study are particularly suited for the unique challenges faced by those who manage MAMP operations.