Chapter 2
Concepts and related documents
This chapter explains the concepts and documents related to the study. The details are as follows:
1. Definition of integrated farming systems And mixed farming systems
An integrated farming system is a farming system with crop plants or animals of different species in the same area under the fringe. Mutually beneficial for maximum efficiency. Principles coexistence between plants, animals and the environment, the combinations may be in the form of the relationship between plants and animals, plants or animals to animals was integrated farming system is achieved. Needs to be laid out and implemented with a focus on activity. Each type is suited to the physical environment, social, economic, labor, capital, land, inputs and natural resources as well as the waste material from the production of one type of spin.
Circulation is useful to have another production with the production of another type or several types. Within the unified field.Examples of such activities as raising chickens or pigs on the fish pond.Raising fish in rice Beekeeping in the orchard.
Mixed farming systems and agricultural system those have multiple production activities in response to the consumption or reduce the risk of price. Produce uncertainty only. Without having to manage the production activities that is complementary to blend. Reduce production costs and environmental concerns, like combines farming; mixed farming may be supportive of some manufacturing activities but the mechanism is the emergence of "the self" is not caused by "understanding". However, mixed farming can improve the ability of farmers to carry out an operation in nature. Integrated farming system has. (Mixed farming, 2014).
2. Raising fish in rice field
Farming season in the waterI mortgaged his farmland. Fish from natural sources to spread of rivers fed him to live and thrive in one plot. Average about 4 Earnings per kg of scrap So if farmers will adapt their farmland is used to grow rice with fish in farmland, along with their rice which used to be a byproduct of fish before a little extra. It will yield the general condition of rice field fish increased (Department of Fisheries, 2014).
3. Fish species
3.1 Black Carp (Mylopharyngodonpiceus)
Family:Cyprinidae (minnows) in the order Cypriniformes (carps, minnows and loaches)
Description: This large fish has large body scales and looks similar to the common grass carp, but the black carp is darker (though not truly black), and some report that adult black carp have a relatively narrower snout. It also has large pharyngeal teeth (throat teeth) that resemble human molars; these are used to crush the shells of its mollusk prey.
Size: Total length: to 5 feets; weight: to 160 pounds.
Habitat and conservation: This invasive fish from Asia eats mussels and snails and it can damage populations of native mollusks. Many of which are critically endangered. There is a strong possibility that this fish is becoming established with breeding populations on our continent.
Foods: This fish feeds on aquatic snails and mussels. Unfortunately, many mussels in our state and nationwide are declining (many to the point of being endangered) even without the presence of this predator. Also as black carp feed on algae-grazing snails, their presence may radically alter the composition of aquatic communities by removing those removers of algae.
Status: Invasive. Because of its detrimental effect on native species, it is illegal to transport live black carp across state lines or to introduce it to any waters in Vietnam. Unfortunately, young black carp and young grass carp are difficult to distinguish, and introductions of grass carp may inadvertently also include black carp.
Life cycle: Most of the black carp used in aquaculture were introduced to control problematic snail populations in ponds of commercial fisheries, and these individuals are presumably mostly Sterile (triploid),Yet fertile (diploid) individuals can be present too. Given that black carp can live for 15 years, even the sterile individuals can present a serious long-term problem for native mollusk populations.