In some way , gluconeo is the reverse, or antithesis, of glycolysis. Glucose is synthesized to NAD, rather than the other way around. However, gluconeo cannot be merely the reverse, it would be a strongly endergonic process and could not occur spontaneously. Somwhow the energetics of the process must be augmented so that gluconeo can proceed spontaneously. Second, the process of glycolysis and gluconeo must be regulated in a reciprocal fashion so that when glycolysis is active, gluconeo is inhibited, and when gluconeo is proceesing
,glycolysis is turned off. Both of these limitations are overcome by having unique reactions within the routes of glycolysis and glucone , rather than a completely shared pathway