Occupational respiratory diseases include a spectrum of conditions caused by
the inhalation of both organic and inorganic materials (328). The population
attributable risk of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease arising
from work exposure is estimated to be up to 15% (328). Worldwide, asthma
is the principal disease caused by the inhalation of organic agents. Fibrosis
and cancers are the principal ailments resulting from inorganic agents:
fibrosis in relation to silica dust (329) and asbestos, and fibrosis of the
pleura and malignant mesothelioma in relation to asbestos fibers (330–332).
Mesothelioma and lung cancers are now more frequent causes of death than
asbestosis. Mortality attributable to asbestosis decreased over the last few
decades of the 20th century because of the progressive implementation of
workplace controls (333). Mesothelioma, in particular, is often related to a
history of exposure to asbestos over a short period of time, often many years
earlier. Smoking and tuberculosis are major co-factors in the development of
occupational chronic respiratory diseases and cancers (38, 334, 335).
Occupational respiratory diseases include a spectrum of conditions caused bythe inhalation of both organic and inorganic materials (328). The populationattributable risk of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease arisingfrom work exposure is estimated to be up to 15% (328). Worldwide, asthmais the principal disease caused by the inhalation of organic agents. Fibrosisand cancers are the principal ailments resulting from inorganic agents:fibrosis in relation to silica dust (329) and asbestos, and fibrosis of thepleura and malignant mesothelioma in relation to asbestos fibers (330–332).Mesothelioma and lung cancers are now more frequent causes of death thanasbestosis. Mortality attributable to asbestosis decreased over the last fewdecades of the 20th century because of the progressive implementation ofworkplace controls (333). Mesothelioma, in particular, is often related to ahistory of exposure to asbestos over a short period of time, often many yearsearlier. Smoking and tuberculosis are major co-factors in the development ofoccupational chronic respiratory diseases and cancers (38, 334, 335).
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..
