Switching some unknown words or phrases into Thai
• Correcting his/her own pronunciation, grammar and lexical mistakes
• Using familiar words, phrases, or sentences
• Using circumlocution
• Using non-verbal expressions such as mime, gestures, and facial expressions
• Referring to objects or materials
• Drawing a picture
• Repeating words, phrases, or sentences a few times
• Spelling or writing out the intended words, phrases, or sentences
• Using fillers
• Appealing for assistance from the interlocutor