It has been suggested that the main cryoprotective effect of trehalose is preservation of the membrane structure. Lambruschini et al. [38] stated that trehalose participates in the network of hydrogen bonds between the phospholipid polar heads, thus replacing the water of hydration at the membrane-fluid interface and maintaining the head groups at their hydrated position. In addition, the osmotic effect of trehalose decreases the intracellular freezable water and hence the formation of ice crystals inside the cells [8].