The number among symptomatic group with malaria sole infection was 54, while malaria co-infections with HIV and L. loa were 16 and 7 respectively.
All co-infected cases were symptomatic and no HIV positives had developed to AIDS. Malaria infection was defined as having a positive thick blood smear with or without any malaria symptoms. Sympomatic group with uncomplicated malaria was defined as positive Plasmodium falciparum blood smear (b10,000 parasites/μL) with fever ≥37.5 °C at the point of blood collection or/and headache, pallor, althralgia, mild splenomegally and mild hepatomegaly; while asymptomatic were positive but no associated symptoms with malaria