For instance, we now know that rational models of cognition often fail to capture the reality of human choice and behavior; people’s motives are not always known and their judgments are often biased (e.g., Kahneman, 2003; Kahneman & Tversky, 1979). Research has also shown that whether clinicians reported they would do what they believed they should do varied by situation and by their closeness to the person exhibiting ethically questionable behavior (Wilkins et al. 1990). Psychologists have also found that in at least some circumstances, emotions and social and cultural factors influence moral judgments and behaviors more than moral reasoning (Haidt, 2001, 2007).