Strength Testing
Inversion and eversion strength was tested in all
participants. They were barefoot, seated on a stool, with
a volleyball between the thighs, and secured with a hookand-loop
strap. The foot was attached to the load cell with
a looped nylon strap. For eversion strength testing, the
load cell was situated medial to the test foot with the nylon
strap placed directly over the distal end of the fifth
metatarsal (Figure 1A). For inversion strength testing, the
load cell was situated laterally to the test foot and nylon
strap placed directly over the distal first metatarsal
(Figure 1B). Three maximal isometric contractions were
held for 5 seconds each with a 1-minute rest period between
contractions. The maximum value in each direction was
recorded as the maximum voluntary isometric contraction
(MVIC).