3.2.5. Effect of reaction time
As presented in Fig. 9, the FAME yield of 85.0% could be achieved with 1 wt.% catalyst dosage at initial 15 min. It could be found that the FAME yield of 85.0% in such a short reaction time was higher than that of commercial CaO used in this study at longer reaction time of 30 min, suggesting that the calcined carbide slag catalyst (CS-650) was very active for the transesterification. Subsequently, further prolonging the reaction time to 30 min, 91.3% yield could be achieved. The slight change for the FAME yield indicated that the reaction was close to equilibrium. Generally, the reaction time for biodiesel synthesis is relatively long. This phenomenon was extremely obvious for the low-cost catalyst, e.g. 8 h of reaction time over mussel shell catalyst [29], which was too time-consuming. To our knowledge, the catalytic activity of calcined carbide slag catalyst (CS-650) is one of the best results among CaO-based catalysts, which has great significance in reducing the production period and the size of the reaction device.
3.2.5. Effect of reaction timeAs presented in Fig. 9, the FAME yield of 85.0% could be achieved with 1 wt.% catalyst dosage at initial 15 min. It could be found that the FAME yield of 85.0% in such a short reaction time was higher than that of commercial CaO used in this study at longer reaction time of 30 min, suggesting that the calcined carbide slag catalyst (CS-650) was very active for the transesterification. Subsequently, further prolonging the reaction time to 30 min, 91.3% yield could be achieved. The slight change for the FAME yield indicated that the reaction was close to equilibrium. Generally, the reaction time for biodiesel synthesis is relatively long. This phenomenon was extremely obvious for the low-cost catalyst, e.g. 8 h of reaction time over mussel shell catalyst [29], which was too time-consuming. To our knowledge, the catalytic activity of calcined carbide slag catalyst (CS-650) is one of the best results among CaO-based catalysts, which has great significance in reducing the production period and the size of the reaction device.
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