• Physical method Physical method
-Microcalorimetry Microcalorimetry
*small heat change *small heat change
*heat production during the breakdown of *heat production during the breakdown of
growth substrate growth substrate
-Flow cytometry cytometry
*measuring components *measuring components
(cells) and the properties of (cells) and the properties of
individual cells in liquid suspension individual cells in liquid suspension
*detection on a flow channel *detection on a flow