Third, although Harman's one-factor test and other method tests do not identify common method variance as a problem, this bias may still be present (Konrad and Linnehan, 1995; Podsakoff and Organ, 1986). While Spector (2006) argues against assuming that the use of a single method automatically introduces systematic bias, studies recommend that future research gather measures of independent and dependent variables from varied data sources (e.g., moresubordinates’ ratings of transformational leadership and objective measures of organizational innovation) to minimize the effects of any response bias (Podsakoff et al., 2003).