eC]O and eCeO (about 1110 cm1) decreased significantly in
comparison with pristine cotton fabrics. FTIR results confirm that
the pristine fabrics were successfully covered with PFW/GF granules.
Meanwhile, the decreased intensity of hydrophilic groups
resulted in hydrophobic surfaces for the modified fabrics. Surface
chemical composition which is important factor affect hydrophobicity
was also conducted by XPS (Fig. 2b). The elements of C, O and
F were detected after modification, while only peaks corresponding
to C and O appeared for pristine fabrics. The content of each
element was shown in Table S1. As displayed in Table S1, the C/O/F
mass ratio corresponding to the pristine and coated fabrics were
81.04: 18.96: 0 and 86.26: 3.25: 10.48, respectively. By comparison,
the C/O ratio of the coated fabrics was much higher than that of the
original fabrics, indicating low the surface energy of the coated
fabrics. Besides, the new peak of F and its high content can further
decreased the surface energy. Therefore, PFW/GF not only
possessed enhanced roughness but also endued the fabric with low
surface energy. Their synergistic effect endows fabrics with stable
super-repellence.
Fig. 3b shows that the hydrophilic fabric was transformed to
superhydrophobic fabrics with a CA of 157.7 and SA of 5.0
(Fig. 3a). Water droplets stand free almost as a sphere and a bright
and reflective surface could be observed beneath them. Even submerged
into water, the fabric surface acts like a silver mirror due to
the existence of air layer trapped on the surface (Fig. 3c). This
establishment of composite solideliquideair interface can effectively
prevent permeability on the fabric surface underwater and
lower interaction between water and the surface. Therefore, the