Regulations under development at EPA would impose new requirements on power plants to control GHG emissions. First, in September 2013 EPA proposed standards for the control of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from new electric generating units burning fossil fuels. EPA has suggested that utilization of carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a viable means for new coal- fired power plants to comply with the proposed standards.2 But higher efficiency components and processes are unlikely to be sufficient to meet the proposed new plant standards. As requirements for new sources (i.e., new power plants), EPA’s proposed standards do not directly apply to existing power plants currently producing electricity. EPA’s proposals for control of GHG emissions from existing power plants are expected by June 2014,3 with many options for reducing GHGs under consideration. EPA may target emissions on a state or plant-by-plant basis, with companies likely given choices for compliance, and increasing coal-fired power plant (CFPP) efficiency may be one of those choices.