observed that the presence of
cyanide in latex accelerates the natural bursting process
of lutoids, reducing flow duration and yield. Most Hevea
species accumulate cyanogenic glycosides in the
vacuoles of their cells, and when the tissues are ruptured,
as it occurs during tapping, they are in direct contact
with the apoplastic enzyme β-glucosidase, releasing
cyanide, which is toxic