The key challenges include difficulties of attracting community participation in early stages
of development as well as encouraging balanced and representative cooperation. The
community are more likely to begin participating in tourism development strategies after
having observed the achievement of economic benefits by others, usually external
businesses. This means that external interests are always involved in early stages of tourism
development, which can have negative impacts, such as acculturation and creating
entrenched economic leakage pathways. Also, the early stage of development is where their
input is most valuable and influential (Carbone, 2005; Kelly & Moles, 2000; Mbaiwa, 2004).
The appropriateness of tourism development in terms of the acceptance and support of
tourism by the community is affected by the lack of community input in setting these key
boundaries.