According to the global environmental problem, global
warming, Thai’s government tries to develop a framework to
achieve a sustainable transport and logistics system. The
transport sector must adapt to the paradigm of low carbon
society and have contributions to the world community. The
Ministry of Transportation stated in the Master Plan to support
the strategies which have conditions of encouraging positive
externality activities. Therefore, it is considering a clean,
balanced and sustainable development in the transportation
and logistics’ plan in year 2012 – year 2016 as well as launch
incentive programs to increase service efficiency of State
Railway of Thailand. Thus, the railway system development
project will promote public transportation system and shift the
current freight transport mode to low carbon logistics. From
this framework, the State Railway of Thailand needs to
consider the project which carries out under the development
to achieve an objective of the Ministry of Transportation’s
Master Plan. The study determines the economic return only
the benefits which will be created in the local area where the
project is located. The determination importantly considers
the overview benefits of social and economic. The potential
positive impacts in this case are developing the project in
order to develop the clean development mechanism (CDM)
from shifting transport mode from trucks to railway. It
compares the emissions of greenhouse gases from trucks and
railway transport. This paper considers only three types of
greenhouse gases: carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O)
and methane (CH4) which their values of equivalent carb Report in Climate Change (1995). However, these GHGs are
various emitted from different vehicles. Therefore, this paper
provides the Emission Factor Index which was declared by
ESCAP as shown in table 2.