The parent pain history questionnaire, a measure used in
prior pediatric pain studies (Lester, Lefebvre, & Keefe,
1994; Schanberg et al., 1998), was used to obtain maternal
pain history. The parent pain history form contains a list of
a variety of pain conditions on which the respondent indicates
whether or not they suffered from each type of pain
and whether or not they received treatment for that condition.
The total number of pain conditions was calculated
using this questionnaire.