nλ=2πr
Substituting de Broglie's wavelength of h/p reproduces Bohr's rule. Since λ=h/mev, we now have: nhmev=2πrn.
Rearranging terms, and noting that L=mvr for a circular orbit, we obtain the quantization of angular momentum as the condition for allowed orbits:
L=mevrn=nh2π,(n=1,2,3...).
As previously stated, Bohr was forced to hypothesize this rule for allowed orbits. We now realize this as the condition for constructive interference of an electron in a circular orbit.
Accordingly, a new kind of mechanics, quantum mechanics, was proposed in 1925. Bohr's model of electrons traveling in quantized orbits was extended into a more accurate model of electron motion. The new theory was proposed by Werner Heisenberg. By different reasoning, another form of the same theory, wave mechanics, was discovered independently by Austrian physicist Erwin Schrödinger. Schrödinger employed de Broglie's matter waves, but instead sought wave solutions of a three-dimensional wave equation. This described electrons that were constrained to move about the nucleus of a hydrogen-like atom by being trapped by the potential of the positive nuclear charge.
nλ=2πrSubstituting de Broglie's wavelength of h/p reproduces Bohr's rule. Since λ=h/mev, we now have: nhmev=2πrn.Rearranging terms, and noting that L=mvr for a circular orbit, we obtain the quantization of angular momentum as the condition for allowed orbits:L=mevrn=nh2π,(n=1,2,3...).As previously stated, Bohr was forced to hypothesize this rule for allowed orbits. We now realize this as the condition for constructive interference of an electron in a circular orbit.Accordingly, a new kind of mechanics, quantum mechanics, was proposed in 1925. Bohr's model of electrons traveling in quantized orbits was extended into a more accurate model of electron motion. The new theory was proposed by Werner Heisenberg. By different reasoning, another form of the same theory, wave mechanics, was discovered independently by Austrian physicist Erwin Schrödinger. Schrödinger employed de Broglie's matter waves, but instead sought wave solutions of a three-dimensional wave equation. This described electrons that were constrained to move about the nucleus of a hydrogen-like atom by being trapped by the potential of the positive nuclear charge.
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