Here, we have taken the same graph seen above and added a second independent variable, year. Both the independent variables, month and year, can be treated as being either as ordinal or scalar. This is often the case with larger units of time, such as weeks, months, and years. Since we have a second independent variable, some sort of coding is needed to indicate which level (year) each line is. Though we could label each bar with text indicating the year, it is more efficient to use color and/or a different symbol on the data points. We will need a legend to explain the coding scheme.
Multiple line graphs have space-saving characteristics over a comparable grouped bar graph. Because the data values are marked by small marks (points) and not bars, they do not have to be offset from each other (only when data values are very dense does this become a problem). Another advantage is that the lines can easily dual coded. With the lines, they can both be color coded (for computer and color print display) or shape coded with symbols (for black & white reproduction). With bars, shape coding cannot be used, and pattern coding has to be substituted. Pattern coding tends to be much more limiting.
Notice that there is a break in the 1996 data line (green/triangle) between August and October. Because the data point for September is missing, the line should not be connected between August and October since this would give an erroneous local slope. This is particularly important if you display the line without symbols at individual data points.
Here, we have taken the same graph seen above and added a second independent variable, year. Both the independent variables, month and year, can be treated as being either as ordinal or scalar. This is often the case with larger units of time, such as weeks, months, and years. Since we have a second independent variable, some sort of coding is needed to indicate which level (year) each line is. Though we could label each bar with text indicating the year, it is more efficient to use color and/or a different symbol on the data points. We will need a legend to explain the coding scheme.Multiple line graphs have space-saving characteristics over a comparable grouped bar graph. Because the data values are marked by small marks (points) and not bars, they do not have to be offset from each other (only when data values are very dense does this become a problem). Another advantage is that the lines can easily dual coded. With the lines, they can both be color coded (for computer and color print display) or shape coded with symbols (for black & white reproduction). With bars, shape coding cannot be used, and pattern coding has to be substituted. Pattern coding tends to be much more limiting.Notice that there is a break in the 1996 data line (green/triangle) between August and October. Because the data point for September is missing, the line should not be connected between August and October since this would give an erroneous local slope. This is particularly important if you display the line without symbols at individual data points.
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