Decades of insurgency in northwestern Burma, northeastern India, and southeastern Bangladesh
have made the region a longstanding arms market with major supply routes through Thailand, China,
and the Bay of Bengal (via Bangladeshi ports). Heroin from the Golden Triangle is used to supply a
rapidly expanding consumer market in South Asia. In recent years, many heroin refineries have been
moved from the Thai ^ Burma border (Shan State) to the India ^ Burma ^Bangladesh borders (Chin
State), and South Asian ports and airports are now increasingly being used to ship heroin to
European markets. Population movements in the region are quite large: millions of Bangladeshis
have moved illegally into northeastern India in search of work and land, refugees and labour migrants
from Burma have moved to India and Bangladesh (and, further afield, Rohingyas from Burma
now form large communities in Bangladesh, Pakistan, and the Gulf). And insurgents from all
countries in the region habitually move across borders, hiding from security forces, swapping money
or drugs for arms, and establishing alliances with foreign powers.
Decades of insurgency in northwestern Burma, northeastern India, and southeastern Bangladeshhave made the region a longstanding arms market with major supply routes through Thailand, China,and the Bay of Bengal (via Bangladeshi ports). Heroin from the Golden Triangle is used to supply arapidly expanding consumer market in South Asia. In recent years, many heroin refineries have beenmoved from the Thai ^ Burma border (Shan State) to the India ^ Burma ^Bangladesh borders (ChinState), and South Asian ports and airports are now increasingly being used to ship heroin toEuropean markets. Population movements in the region are quite large: millions of Bangladeshishave moved illegally into northeastern India in search of work and land, refugees and labour migrantsfrom Burma have moved to India and Bangladesh (and, further afield, Rohingyas from Burmanow form large communities in Bangladesh, Pakistan, and the Gulf). And insurgents from allcountries in the region habitually move across borders, hiding from security forces, swapping moneyor drugs for arms, and establishing alliances with foreign powers.
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