Information and communication based instruments
These instruments form part of the development of what is generally called ‘audience democracy’ or ‘democracy of opinion’ that is, a relatively autonomous public space in the political sphere traditionally based on representation. The growing use of information and communication instruments that correspond to situations in which information or communication obligations have been instituted, is a particular concept of the political. It is conceptualized by Manin (1997) as audience democracy, what is called the second age of democracy.