Radicchio, PKI Forum and MeT promote competing and/or overlapping development efforts
reported e.g. in Strategy Analytics (2001), Forrester Research (2001), Gartner Group (2001), Mobey
Forum (2001) and Böhle and Krueger (2001). Institute for Prospective Technological Studies keeps an
updated list of European electronic payment systems including mobile payment systems
(http://epso.jrc.es/).