Ten subjects involved and they were second year students of Computer Science Programme at School of Computer Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia. All ten subjects needed to answer the questionnaire for all three methods involved and
they were given equal time to answer the questionnaire. For every section in this questionnaire, subjects listened to the explanation before they started to answer. As for the
conservative method, students listened to a short and brief lecture on object-oriented concepts. The purpose of the lecture was to provide a revision on object-oriented concepts. The students studied the manuals for both GAPS 1.0 and Alice 2.0 to help them in exploring both games.