New technologies, specifically mobile devices, have the potential to revolutionize science teaching and learning (Metz 2014). Mobile learning provides new affordances to the learner, such as learning that is personalized, contextualized, and not hindered by temporal or environmental constraints (Crompton 2013a). There has been a great interest in the research community to investigate the benefits of mobile learning in education (Ally and PrietoBla ´zquez 2014), and science is one subject area that has benefited from that research. Science is comprised of an interconnected network of concepts and processes of inquiry, and the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS 2013) are requiring science educators to rethink how science instruction is delivered, calling for the integration of science content with the practice of doing science. Researchers have studied the utilization of mobile learning in science education; however, there has been no directed effort to collect and synthesize these studies. Avaamidou (2008) indicates the need for a comprehensive synthesis of research findings about mobile learning in science education in order to better understand the interactions between mobile technologies and science education. Such an effort would allow researchers to gain a better understanding of areas in which research has already been conducted and allow them to build upon this body of knowledge. This effort would also enable science educators to advance the understanding of the ways in which mobile learning is being used in science education. This understanding would allow them to evaluate their own teaching in light of research regarding the use of mobile technologies in science education and take action to incorporate their new understanding into their own practice.