2.1. Tillage
Tillage is known to have a wide range of effects on soil physical
properties, especially moisture availability and conductivity. There
have been contrasts in results from tillage research due to different
soils, climate and experimental designs. These inconsistencies
further necessitates a review of all tillage systems as practiced
across most parts of the world in order to be able to make
quantitative assessment of their effects on soil physical properties.
Various types of traditional soil tillage techniques were adopted in
the past by rural farmers before the advent of farm machineries
and implements. Some of the traditional and modern tillage
techniques are listed and discussed below.