Over the past several years, the visibility of supply chain management as a collection of diverse, criteal skills has increased sudstantially. Supply chain managemant (SCM) has evolved from a loose affiliation among functions-such as purchasing ,manufacturing, and cross-functional discipline.consistent with this evolution, an increasing number of educational institutions are offering supply chain management degrees. Similarly,many professional organizations are modifying their names and broadening their charters to cover the full spectrum of supply chain activities