WAVE TILT The earth is not an ideal conductor , so there will remain a tangential component of electric field resulting wave tilt. The earth is characterised by σ and εr then Surface impedanc for earth: Intrinsic impedance for dielectric medium: Since there is surface impedance which is non-zero there will be tangential component of electric field i.e., EH and Ev be vertical component of electric field and if H is the magnetic field then, and