In experimental and modeling studies, researchers
have attempted to determine the minimum amount of
habitat required for all species to persist in a landscape
(e.g., Parker & MacNally 2002). Nevertheless, our sample
sizes are too small to determine the forest cover necessary
to preserve all the forest avifauna. Other studies in
Southeast Asia show that as much as 80% of the forest is
needed to preserve all forest bird species (Posa & Sodhi
2006; Soh et al. 2006). It is possible that the original
surveys missed some of Bintan’s rare species, which subsequently
became extinct without ever being recorded
as residents (Pimm et al. 2006). In general, the species
surviving on the islands were those that occur in a variety
of habitats, including human-dominated areas (e.g., Oriental
Magpie Robin [Copsychus saularis]; Asian Glossy
Starling [Aplonis panayensis]; and Yellow-vented Bulbul
[Pycnonotus goiavier]).
Species restricted to large tracts of old-growth forests
(e.g., Scarlet rumped Trogon; Black-and-yellow Broadbill,
Eurylaimus ochromalus; and Yellow-bellied Bulbul
[Alophoixus phaeocephalus]) were lost from more
than one island, indicating their general vulnerability. The
functional role (e.g., seed dispersal) of extirpated species
may not be replaced in disturbed forests, which permanently
affects certain ecosystem processes (Gardner et al.
2009). Nevertheless, some species survived on one island
but perished on another (e.g., Oriental Pied Hornbill and
Common Flameback [Dinopium javanense]), indicating
the randomness of extinctions. It is unclear why species
vulnerability differs among islands, but it may depend
on species-specific variables such as population sizes,
availability of food and nesting or roosting sites, hunting
In experimental and modeling studies, researchershave attempted to determine the minimum amount ofhabitat required for all species to persist in a landscape(e.g., Parker & MacNally 2002). Nevertheless, our samplesizes are too small to determine the forest cover necessaryto preserve all the forest avifauna. Other studies inSoutheast Asia show that as much as 80% of the forest isneeded to preserve all forest bird species (Posa & Sodhi2006; Soh et al. 2006). It is possible that the originalsurveys missed some of Bintan’s rare species, which subsequentlybecame extinct without ever being recordedas residents (Pimm et al. 2006). In general, the speciessurviving on the islands were those that occur in a varietyof habitats, including human-dominated areas (e.g., OrientalMagpie Robin [Copsychus saularis]; Asian GlossyStarling [Aplonis panayensis]; and Yellow-vented Bulbul[Pycnonotus goiavier]).Species restricted to large tracts of old-growth forests(e.g., Scarlet rumped Trogon; Black-and-yellow Broadbill,Eurylaimus ochromalus; and Yellow-bellied Bulbul[Alophoixus phaeocephalus]) were lost from morethan one island, indicating their general vulnerability. Thefunctional role (e.g., seed dispersal) of extirpated speciesmay not be replaced in disturbed forests, which permanentlyaffects certain ecosystem processes (Gardner et al.2009). Nevertheless, some species survived on one islandbut perished on another (e.g., Oriental Pied Hornbill andCommon Flameback [Dinopium javanense]), indicatingthe randomness of extinctions. It is unclear why speciesvulnerability differs among islands, but it may dependon species-specific variables such as population sizes,availability of food and nesting or roosting sites, hunting
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..
In experimental and modeling studies, researchers
have attempted to determine the minimum amount of
habitat required for all species to persist in a landscape
(e.g., Parker & MacNally 2002). Nevertheless, our sample
sizes are too small to determine the forest cover necessary
to preserve all the forest avifauna. Other studies in
Southeast Asia show that as much as 80% of the forest is
needed to preserve all forest bird species (Posa & Sodhi
2006; Soh et al. 2006). It is possible that the original
surveys missed some of Bintan’s rare species, which subsequently
became extinct without ever being recorded
as residents (Pimm et al. 2006). In general, the species
surviving on the islands were those that occur in a variety
of habitats, including human-dominated areas (e.g., Oriental
Magpie Robin [Copsychus saularis]; Asian Glossy
Starling [Aplonis panayensis]; and Yellow-vented Bulbul
[Pycnonotus goiavier]).
Species restricted to large tracts of old-growth forests
(e.g., Scarlet rumped Trogon; Black-and-yellow Broadbill,
Eurylaimus ochromalus; and Yellow-bellied Bulbul
[Alophoixus phaeocephalus]) were lost from more
than one island, indicating their general vulnerability. The
functional role (e.g., seed dispersal) of extirpated species
may not be replaced in disturbed forests, which permanently
affects certain ecosystem processes (Gardner et al.
2009). Nevertheless, some species survived on one island
but perished on another (e.g., Oriental Pied Hornbill and
Common Flameback [Dinopium javanense]), indicating
the randomness of extinctions. It is unclear why species
vulnerability differs among islands, but it may depend
on species-specific variables such as population sizes,
availability of food and nesting or roosting sites, hunting
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