of head, and all other working-aged members of 4%. The eect is much smaller than the eect
of health shock on total earnings from the head and the spouse of the head reported in the rst
row of Panel (a), which provides further evidence of compensatory labor supply behavior among
the primary household members. Similar to the evidence presented in Panel (a), the health shock
has a negligible impact on total household income, both with and without transfers and subsidies.
This suggests that the labor supply from remaining household members helps to smooth household
income following a health shock to the primary household members.