The early β‑lactamases, which were active
against first-generation β‑lactams, were followed by
extended-spectrum β‑lactamases (ESBLs) that have activity
against oxyimino-cephalosporins110. The carriage of
diverse ESBLs and carbapenemases, including the IMP
(imipenemase), VIM (Verona integron encoded metallo
β-lactamase),