More
than
half
of
the
planet’s
residents
now
live
in
urban
areas.
In
the
foreseeable
future,
global
urban-
ization
will
continue.
China
is
one
of
the
most
rapidly
urbanizing
countries
in
the
world,
and
during
the
past
three
decades
its
urban
expansion
has
encroached
on
productive
lands
and
caused
myriad
environ-
mental
problems.
To
achieve
urban
sustainability,
Chinese
cities
need
to
be
better
designed,
planned,
and
managed
in
a
more
ecological
and
sustainable
way.
In
this
study,
we
focused
on
Shenzhen
City
in
southern
China,
which
has
experienced
extremely
rapid
urbanization
and
socioeconomic
transfor-
mations
since
China’s
economic
reform
and
open-door
policy
enacted
in
1978.
We
have
proposed
a
methodology
for
environmental
resource
accounting,
which
consists
of
ecosystem
services,
atmospheric
environment
capacity,
water
environment
resource,
and
land
value.
Our
methodology
recognizes
the
strategic
significance
for
conserving
biodiversity
and
maintaining
high
environmental
quality.
In
partic-
ular,
protecting
the
remaining
natural
and
semi-natural
areas
in
and
around
the
city
–
ecological
core
areas
–
is
of
paramount
importance.
In
addition
to
valuating
urban
environmental
resources
and
ser-
vices,
we
have
also
proposed
an
ecological
network-based
urban
landscape
design
in
order
to
improve
urban
sustainability
for
the
city.
Our
proposed
urban
design
plan
has
been
taken
seriously
by
the
city
government.
Overall,
this
study
provides
a
quantitative
approach
for
research
and
practice
in
urban
sustainability,
and
should
be
of
value
to
other
rapidly
urbanizing
regions
around
the
world.
More than half of the planet’s residents now live in urban areas. In the foreseeable future, global urban- ization will continue. China is one of the most rapidly urbanizing countries in the world, and during the past three decades its urban expansion has encroached on productive lands and caused myriad environ- mental problems. To achieve urban sustainability, Chinese cities need to be better designed, planned, and managed in a more ecological and sustainable way. In this study, we focused on Shenzhen City in southern China, which has experienced extremely rapid urbanization and socioeconomic transfor- mations since China’s economic reform and open-door policy enacted in 1978. We have proposed a methodology for environmental resource accounting, which consists of ecosystem services, atmospheric environment capacity, water environment resource, and land value. Our methodology recognizes the strategic significance for conserving biodiversity and maintaining high environmental quality. In partic- ular, protecting the remaining natural and semi-natural areas in and around the city – ecological core areas – is of paramount importance. In addition to valuating urban environmental resources and ser- vices, we have also proposed an ecological network-based urban landscape design in order to improve urban sustainability for the city. Our proposed urban design plan has been taken seriously by the city government. Overall, this study provides a quantitative approach for research and practice in urban sustainability, and should be of value to other rapidly urbanizing regions around the world.
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