McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y. Douglas McGregor’s theories
focus less on employee needs and more on the nature of manager-
22 PEOPLE, MANAGEMENT, AND POLICY
TLFeBOOK
ial behavior. These theories are based on the assumption that a supervisor’s
perceptions of her employees will strongly influence the way in
which she attempts to motivate her employees. McGregor created two
theories based on his studies, called Theory X and Theory Y.
In the case of Theory X, a supervisor assumes that her employees
are adverse to work and will do everything they can to avoid it. Acting
on this assumption, the supervisor will exert tight control over employees,
monitor their work closely, and hesitantly delegate authority.
In this case of Theory Y, a supervisor assumes that, contrary to
Theory X, workers are willing to work and would be willing to accept
increased responsibilities. In light of these assumptions, the supervisor
will provide employees with more freedom and creativity in the workplace
and will be more willing to delegate authority.
Managers will seek to motivate their employees based on their
perceptions of the employees’ interests. This theory brings to light the
variation in practice that can exist depending on the assumptions that
managers make about their employees.
McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y. Douglas McGregor’s theories
focus less on employee needs and more on the nature of manager-
22 PEOPLE, MANAGEMENT, AND POLICY
TLFeBOOK
ial behavior. These theories are based on the assumption that a supervisor’s
perceptions of her employees will strongly influence the way in
which she attempts to motivate her employees. McGregor created two
theories based on his studies, called Theory X and Theory Y.
In the case of Theory X, a supervisor assumes that her employees
are adverse to work and will do everything they can to avoid it. Acting
on this assumption, the supervisor will exert tight control over employees,
monitor their work closely, and hesitantly delegate authority.
In this case of Theory Y, a supervisor assumes that, contrary to
Theory X, workers are willing to work and would be willing to accept
increased responsibilities. In light of these assumptions, the supervisor
will provide employees with more freedom and creativity in the workplace
and will be more willing to delegate authority.
Managers will seek to motivate their employees based on their
perceptions of the employees’ interests. This theory brings to light the
variation in practice that can exist depending on the assumptions that
managers make about their employees.
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