Peaks at 1120 and 1040 cm1 for lignin are characteristic bands of the primary and secondary –OH groups
(Nada et al., 1998; Kadla and Kubo, 2003), which are moved to a
lower wave numbers(around 1114 and 1012 cm1) in the composite
films. These results suggest that strong hydrogen bonds have
been formed among the cellulose, starch and lignin.