Despite harvesting thousands of genetically modified plants, scientists still do not have a clear understanding of how these genetic changes affect the human body long term, primarily because these food plants have only been available since the early 1990s. Monsanto, the largest GM seed developer in the world and the organization that provides a majority of the research results to the FDA, says GM seed is harmless to humans. However, some scientists have found that GM plants have indeed altered the life span, disease process and cognitive abilities of insects that feed on these plants. Research is ongoing.
Regulations
Bioengineered plant foods fall under the jurisdiction of three agencies: the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the Environmental Protection Agency. While the FDA determines the safety of genetically modified plants, companies that plant and harvest these crops are asked to voluntarily submit test results -- it is not a requirement. The USDA determines whether the new plant variety will adversely affect the environment or agriculture in general. The EPA regulates pesticides and determines tolerance levels in animals and humans.