The application of the TTM SOC as a theoretical framework
for dietary or physical activity interventions, or both, as well as
combined with monetary rewards or stress management interventions,
resulted in statistically significant, sustainable (one year and
longer) weight loss in one trial (Johnson 2008) while one trial
indicated non-significant sustainable weight loss (Logue 2005).
Another trial reported significant weight loss for participants in
the intervention group in the action stage compared to those in
a pre-action stage at 12 months, but no comparison was reported
between the intervention and control groups (Jones 2003). None
of the trials reported short-term weight loss results (less than 12
months), although short-termweight change wasmeasured in two
studies (Johnson 2008; Logue 2005). All trials used a direct measure
of weight (kg) as the outcome measure (Johnson 2008; Jones
2003; Logue 2005). Two studies reported objective weight loss
outcomes measured at a diabetes centre (Jones 2003) and primary
care physician offices using calibrated weight scales (Logue 2005)
while one trial used self-reported measures of weight, which were
found to correlate well (0.99) with objective measures that were
conducted in a subgroup (n = 202) of participants using beam
scales