The charges(consist of pig iron, cast iron scraps, steel scraps, Fesi, FeMn fun were charged into induction furnace and melted into liquid metal, NI, Mo, and inoculant were added during the ss, the liquid metal was discharged into the crucible and then poured into the sand mould The loud-eta solidify as the casting then cut, mounted ground polished, and etched for the examinason