In a large cohort follow-up study of individuals with cardiovascular disease who were initially not depressed ,those who had the lowest baseline levels of 25 (OH)D were most likely to develop a clinical diagnosis of depression during follow up (May et al.,2010)The therapeutic use of vitamin D for nonseasonal depression has not been rigorously studied.The only controlled study investigated the effect of high-dose vitamin D supplementation in a group of 441 individuals who were recruited because they were overweight or obese (Jorde et al.,2008).Participants did not have a clinical diagnosis of any type of depression,but they were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).They were randomized to receive double-blind supplementation with vitamin D3 40,000 IU per day , 20,000 IU per day ,or placebo for 1 year. Partipants receiving vitamin D3 at either dosage showed significant improvement on BDI scores compared with those taking placebo.