One of the earliest comprehensive research works carried out on palm oil milling and palm oil quality was in a trial at Mongana in Africa. The Mongana Report (1955) deals with palm oil milling and palm oil quality in great detail in a mill. In the early days during the establishment of the Malaysian oil palm industry, palm oil was mainly exported in the crude form. In those days crude palm oil quality was mainly defined in terms of percentage of FFA and total percentage of moisture and impurities (%M&I). Free fatty acid and moisture and impurities levels were then set by the Malaysian Oil Palm Growers Council (MOPGC) after talks with buyers of crude palm oil. Domestic sales were then based on the MOPGC crude palm oil contract where the levels of FFA and M&I were set at 5% maximum and 0.5% maximum, respectively. Any crude palm oil with FFA less than 5% would be entitled to an agreed premium per percentage reduction in FFA. On the other hand, every percentage FFA over the maximum contractual value would incur an agreed to penalty. With improvements in the industry over the years, the trading specifications for crude palm oil under the domestic sales contract was revised in the 1990s to 5%max for FFA and 0.25%max for M&I. For this, mills tend to aim for an FFA level of 3.5% ex-mill gate. If the initial FFA and moisture levels in crude palm oil are low, then the oil quality in terms of these two parameters are quite stable as can be seen in Table 15-A.
One of the earliest comprehensive research works carried out on palm oil milling and palm oil quality was in a trial at Mongana in Africa. The Mongana Report (1955) deals with palm oil milling and palm oil quality in great detail in a mill. In the early days during the establishment of the Malaysian oil palm industry, palm oil was mainly exported in the crude form. In those days crude palm oil quality was mainly defined in terms of percentage of FFA and total percentage of moisture and impurities (%M&I). Free fatty acid and moisture and impurities levels were then set by the Malaysian Oil Palm Growers Council (MOPGC) after talks with buyers of crude palm oil. Domestic sales were then based on the MOPGC crude palm oil contract where the levels of FFA and M&I were set at 5% maximum and 0.5% maximum, respectively. Any crude palm oil with FFA less than 5% would be entitled to an agreed premium per percentage reduction in FFA. On the other hand, every percentage FFA over the maximum contractual value would incur an agreed to penalty. With improvements in the industry over the years, the trading specifications for crude palm oil under the domestic sales contract was revised in the 1990s to 5%max for FFA and 0.25%max for M&I. For this, mills tend to aim for an FFA level of 3.5% ex-mill gate. If the initial FFA and moisture levels in crude palm oil are low, then the oil quality in terms of these two parameters are quite stable as can be seen in Table 15-A.
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One of the earliest comprehensive research works carried out on palm oil milling and palm oil quality was in a trial at Mongana in Africa. The Mongana Report (1955) deals with palm oil milling and palm oil quality in great detail in a mill. In the early days during the establishment of the Malaysian oil palm industry, palm oil was mainly exported in the crude form. In those days crude palm oil quality was mainly defined in terms of percentage of FFA and total percentage of moisture and impurities (%M&I). Free fatty acid and moisture and impurities levels were then set by the Malaysian Oil Palm Growers Council (MOPGC) after talks with buyers of crude palm oil. Domestic sales were then based on the MOPGC crude palm oil contract where the levels of FFA and M&I were set at 5% maximum and 0.5% maximum, respectively. Any crude palm oil with FFA less than 5% would be entitled to an agreed premium per percentage reduction in FFA. On the other hand, every percentage FFA over the maximum contractual value would incur an agreed to penalty. With improvements in the industry over the years, the trading specifications for crude palm oil under the domestic sales contract was revised in the 1990s to 5%max for FFA and 0.25%max for M&I. For this, mills tend to aim for an FFA level of 3.5% ex-mill gate. If the initial FFA and moisture levels in crude palm oil are low, then the oil quality in terms of these two parameters are quite stable as can be seen in Table 15-A.
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