17. Other challenges, within the framework of ASEAN initiatives, include insufficient coordination to ensure connectivity amongst National Information Infrastructure (NII), the need to nurture technological innovation, as well as lack of financing schemes for infrastructure projects that involve significant participation of private capital, and improving access and affordability to reduce the digital divide.
18. Significant challenges also lie in the ability of ASEAN Member States to develop and harmonise ICT regulations necessary for connectivity projects (i.e., cross border transactions) and to encourage national and private investments in ICT infrastructure and services.
2.1.3 Energy Infrastructure Development
19. Energy plays a crucial role in economic development and will remain critical to the continued economic growth of the ASEAN region. ASEAN cooperation in the energy sector has been guided by a series of Plan of Action including the ASEAN Plan of Action for Energy Cooperation (APAEC) 1999-2004, APAEC 2004-2009 and APAEC 2010-2015.
20. Under the first Plan of Action (1999-2004), the conclusion of the Trans-ASEAN Gas Pipeline (TAGP) Master Plan by ASEAN Council on Petroleum (ASCOPE) and the ASEAN Interconnection Master Plan Study by Heads of ASEAN Power Utilities/Authorities (HAPUA) has paved the way for an enhanced regional energy security framework while promoting efficient utilisation and sharing of resources.
21. In the second Plan of Action (2004-2009), significant achievements were realised including the signing of the Memorandum of Understanding for the ASEAN Power Grid (APG), the establishment of APG Consultative Council and the establishment of ASCOPE Gas Centre (AGC).
22. The current Plan of Action (2010-2015) placed greater emphasis on accelerating the implementation of action plans to further enhance energy security, accessibility and sustainability for the region with due consideration to health, safety and environment, especially in relations to APG, TAGP, clean coal technology and renewable energy amongst others.
23. APG is a flagship programme mandated in 1997 by ASEAN Leaders, which aims to help ASEAN Member States to meet increasing demand for electricity and improve access to energy services by enhancing trade in electricity across borders, optimising energy generation and development and encouraging possible reserve sharing schemes. The status of the APG project appears in Figure 2.3.
17. Other challenges, within the framework of ASEAN initiatives, include insufficient coordination to ensure connectivity amongst National Information Infrastructure (NII), the need to nurture technological innovation, as well as lack of financing schemes for infrastructure projects that involve significant participation of private capital, and improving access and affordability to reduce the digital divide. 18. Significant challenges also lie in the ability of ASEAN Member States to develop and harmonise ICT regulations necessary for connectivity projects (i.e., cross border transactions) and to encourage national and private investments in ICT infrastructure and services.2.1.3 Energy Infrastructure Development19. Energy plays a crucial role in economic development and will remain critical to the continued economic growth of the ASEAN region. ASEAN cooperation in the energy sector has been guided by a series of Plan of Action including the ASEAN Plan of Action for Energy Cooperation (APAEC) 1999-2004, APAEC 2004-2009 and APAEC 2010-2015.20. Under the first Plan of Action (1999-2004), the conclusion of the Trans-ASEAN Gas Pipeline (TAGP) Master Plan by ASEAN Council on Petroleum (ASCOPE) and the ASEAN Interconnection Master Plan Study by Heads of ASEAN Power Utilities/Authorities (HAPUA) has paved the way for an enhanced regional energy security framework while promoting efficient utilisation and sharing of resources.21. In the second Plan of Action (2004-2009), significant achievements were realised including the signing of the Memorandum of Understanding for the ASEAN Power Grid (APG), the establishment of APG Consultative Council and the establishment of ASCOPE Gas Centre (AGC).22. The current Plan of Action (2010-2015) placed greater emphasis on accelerating the implementation of action plans to further enhance energy security, accessibility and sustainability for the region with due consideration to health, safety and environment, especially in relations to APG, TAGP, clean coal technology and renewable energy amongst others.23. APG is a flagship programme mandated in 1997 by ASEAN Leaders, which aims to help ASEAN Member States to meet increasing demand for electricity and improve access to energy services by enhancing trade in electricity across borders, optimising energy generation and development and encouraging possible reserve sharing schemes. The status of the APG project appears in Figure 2.3.
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