Research investments
In 2004, Finland invested 5,300 million euros in R&D activities. The total R&D expenditure represented 3.5% of the gross domestic product, which places Finland among the OECD top.
R&D is financed by the private sector (68%), the public sector (29%) and from foreign sources (3%). The electrical and electronics industries provide about half of overall corporate R&D investments.
Finland and Sweden are the only EU member states whose R&D investments already exceed three per cent of the GDP, which is the jointly agreed EU objective to be achieved by 2010. Finland and Sweden have also reached the target to raise the share of private investment to two thirds of the overall R&D activities.
Finnish scientific research has been productive, currently representing around 0.6% of global R&D activities. Publications and articles by Finnish researchers represent one per cent of all scientific publication and the citation rate is about 1.15% of all references.