Furthermore, an urgent need to reduce dependence on petroleum fuels for better economy and
environment is required [4]. Liquid bio-origin fuels are renewable fuels coming from biological raw
material and have been proved to be good substitutes for oil in transportation and agriculture sector. In
particular, biodiesel fuels are attracting thriving attention worldwide as a blending component or a direct
replacement of diesel fuel in vehicle engines [1, 5]. Therefore, biodiesel is considered as one of the most
promising alternative resources for diesel engines especially from non-edible oil feedstock [6, 7].
Biodiesel is biodegradable, environmental friendly, non-toxic, portable, readily available and eco-friendly
fuel [8-10]. It (fatty acid methyl esters) is derived from vegetable oils as well as animal fats through the
esterification and transesterification reactions of free fatty acids (FFAs) and triglycerides, respectively,
that occur naturally in renewable biological sources [1, 11]. It can offer a lot of benefits, including
reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, regional development and social structure especially to
developing countries [12]. It is a good lubricant which is about 66% better than petrodiesel
Furthermore, an urgent need to reduce dependence on petroleum fuels for better economy andenvironment is required [4]. Liquid bio-origin fuels are renewable fuels coming from biological rawmaterial and have been proved to be good substitutes for oil in transportation and agriculture sector. Inparticular, biodiesel fuels are attracting thriving attention worldwide as a blending component or a directreplacement of diesel fuel in vehicle engines [1, 5]. Therefore, biodiesel is considered as one of the mostpromising alternative resources for diesel engines especially from non-edible oil feedstock [6, 7].Biodiesel is biodegradable, environmental friendly, non-toxic, portable, readily available and eco-friendlyfuel [8-10]. It (fatty acid methyl esters) is derived from vegetable oils as well as animal fats through theesterification and transesterification reactions of free fatty acids (FFAs) and triglycerides, respectively,that occur naturally in renewable biological sources [1, 11]. It can offer a lot of benefits, includingreduction of greenhouse gas emissions, regional development and social structure especially todeveloping countries [12]. It is a good lubricant which is about 66% better than petrodiesel
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