As such, the current coprological methods for the detection of OV infection are insufficient for this new “landscape” of OV- infection. Herein, we propose a urine-based detection method by the urine OV-ES assay, which utilizes advances already made in the serological testing for OV, but applied to pre- treated urine samples. Currently, the serological diagnosis of OV is problematic due to the invasiveness of blood draw, cold chain requirements, a lack of analytical and diagnostic speci- ficity, and the persistence of antibodies even after treatment for OV infection, making the determination of an active OV infection from a former OV infection impossible. However, the monoclonal antibodies used in the serological assays can be modified for use in alternative