a b s t r a c t
Article history:
Received 27 February 2014
Revised 5 June 2014
Accepted 6 June 2014
Available online 13 June 2014
Edited by J. Aubin
Keywords:
Ginsenoside-Rb2
Oxidative damage
Osteogenesis
Osteoporosis
Ovariectomized mouse
Bone-resorbing cytokine
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a significant pathogenic factor of osteoporosis. Ginsenoside-Rb2 (Rb2), a 20(S)-
protopanaxadiol glycoside extracted from ginseng, is a potent antioxidant that generates interest regarding the
bone metabolism area. We tested the potential anti-osteoporosis effects of Rb2 and its underlying mechanism in
this study. We produced an oxidative damage model induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in osteoblastic
MC3T3-E1 cells to test the essential anti-osteoporosis effects of Rb2 in vitro. The results indicated that treatment of
0.1 to 10 μMRb2 promoted the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells, improved alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression,
elevated calcium mineralization and mRNA expressions of Alp, Col1a1, osteocalcin (Ocn) and osteopontin (Opn)
against oxidative damage induced by H2O2. Importantly, Rb2 reduced the expression levels of receptor activator of
nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) and IL-6 and inhibited the H2O2-induced production of ROS. The in vivo
study indicated that the Rb2 administered for 12 weeks partially decreased blood malondialdehyde (MDA) activity
and elevated the activity of reduced glutathione (GSH) in ovariectomized (OVX)mice. Moreover, Rb2 improved the
micro-architecture of trabecular bones and increased bonemineral density (BMD) of the 4th lumbar vertebrae (L4)
and the distal femur. Altogether, these results demonstrated that the potential anti-osteoporosis effects of Rb2 were
linked to a reduction of oxidative damage and bone-resorbing cytokines, which suggests that Rb2 might be effective
in preventing and alleviating osteoporosis.
a b s t r a c tArticle history:Received 27 February 2014Revised 5 June 2014Accepted 6 June 2014Available online 13 June 2014Edited by J. AubinKeywords:Ginsenoside-Rb2Oxidative damageOsteogenesisOsteoporosisOvariectomized mouseBone-resorbing cytokineReactive oxygen species (ROS) are a significant pathogenic factor of osteoporosis. Ginsenoside-Rb2 (Rb2), a 20(S)-protopanaxadiol glycoside extracted from ginseng, is a potent antioxidant that generates interest regarding thebone metabolism area. We tested the potential anti-osteoporosis effects of Rb2 and its underlying mechanism inthis study. We produced an oxidative damage model induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in osteoblasticMC3T3-E1 cells to test the essential anti-osteoporosis effects of Rb2 in vitro. The results indicated that treatment of0.1 to 10 μMRb2 promoted the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells, improved alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression,elevated calcium mineralization and mRNA expressions of Alp, Col1a1, osteocalcin (Ocn) and osteopontin (Opn)against oxidative damage induced by H2O2. Importantly, Rb2 reduced the expression levels of receptor activator ofnuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) and IL-6 and inhibited the H2O2-induced production of ROS. The in vivostudy indicated that the Rb2 administered for 12 weeks partially decreased blood malondialdehyde (MDA) activityand elevated the activity of reduced glutathione (GSH) in ovariectomized (OVX)mice. Moreover, Rb2 improved themicro-architecture of trabecular bones and increased bonemineral density (BMD) of the 4th lumbar vertebrae (L4)and the distal femur. Altogether, these results demonstrated that the potential anti-osteoporosis effects of Rb2 werelinked to a reduction of oxidative damage and bone-resorbing cytokines, which suggests that Rb2 might be effectivein preventing and alleviating osteoporosis.
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